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Clinical presentation:
Swelling and discomfort in the left ankle in an adult male from India.

There is a fairly well-defined lytic area in the lateral malleolus and a further area of lysis of the joint margin at its tip. There is irregularity of the bone margins, adjacent to the tibio-talar joint, at the level of the tibio-fibular ligaments. This appearance suggests some external erosion of the adjacent tibia and fibula up to the lowest insertion of the interosseus ligament. The effective working surfaces of the ankle mortice remain intact and this is sometimes a distinguishing feature of this pathology. The soft tissue thickening is visible below the lateral malleolus.

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[Differential]

cases that might resemble this pathology

[View large image] Rheumatoid arthritis (case report) [View large image] Osteochondromatosis (case report). Include pigmented villo-nodular synovitis.
[View large image] Gout (case report) no large joint example. [View large image] Leprosy. (case report)
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Charcot joint. (case report) [View large image] Osteochondritis dissecans. (of talus, case report)
[View large image] Metastasis. (case report) [View large image] Myeloma, plasmacytoma. (case report)
[View large image] Brown tumours in Hyperparathyroidism. (case report) [View large image] Eosinophil granuloma. (case report)
[View large image] Leukaemic infiltration. (case report) [View large image] Giant cell tumour, osteoclastoma can occur near joints, but involvement of both joint margins would be an uncommon appearance for most primary malignant bone tumours.
[View large image] Simple bone cyst. (case report), but note immature skeleton. [View large image] The unilateral joint involvement excludes most inherited conditions e.g. achondroplasia. (case report), but consider dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica and Neurofibromatosis.
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[London South Bank U.]

IDM April 2007